Serving Students at Santa Ana College and Santiago Canyon College INDONESIA Map

Location:  Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean 

Geographic coordinates: 5 00 S, 120 00 E 

Map references:  Southeast Asia 

Area:
total: 1,919,440 sq km 
land: 1,826,440 sq km 
water: 93,000 sq km 

Area - comparative: slightly less than three times the size of Texas 

Land boundaries:
total: 2,602 km 
border countries: Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua New Guinea 820 km 

Coastline: 54,716 km 

Terrain: mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains 

Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m 
highest point: Puncak Jaya 5,030 m 

Natural resources: petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver 

Land use: 
arable land: 10% 
permanent crops: 7% 
permanent pastures: 7% 
forests and woodland: 62% 
other: 14% (1993 est.) 

Irrigated land: 45,970 sq km (1993 est.) 

Natural hazards: occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes 

Environment - current issues: deforestation; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage; air pollution in urban areas; smoke and haze from forest fires 

Environment - international agreements: 
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation 

Geography - note: archipelago of 17,000 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles Equator; strategic location astride or along
major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean 

Geography

Indonesia, an archipelago in Southeast Asia lies between the mainland of South-East Asia and Australia in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, consists of 17,000 islands (6,000 inhabited and stretch over 4828km (3000 miles), and straddles the equator.  Indonesia, part of the “ring of fire,” has the largest number of active volcanoes in the world (300), the great majority of which are extinct; earthquakes are frequent.  The landscape varies from island to island, ranging from high mountains and plateau to coastal lowlands and alluvial belts.

Size

The total land area of Indonesia is approximately 2 million (1,919,317) square kilometers or 736,000 sq. mi, is about three times the size of  Texas which includes some 93,000 square kilometers of inland seas.  Total area claimed, including an exclusive economic zone is 7.9 million square kilometers. 

Topography

Indonesia is an archipelagic nation with  five main islands:  Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Irian Jaya; two major archipelagos:  Nusa Tenggara and Maluku Islands; and many smaller archipelagos.  The largest islands are Sumatra, Java (the most populous), Bali, Kalimantan (Indonesia's part of Borneo), Sulawesi (Celebes), the Nusa Tenggara islands, the Maluku Islands, and Irian Jaya renamed Papua in 1999 (western part of  New Guinea).  Its neighbor to the north is Malaysia and to the east is Papua New Guinea.

Large islands consist of coastal plains with mountainous interiors.  The mountainous islands have peaks reaching 3,800 meters above sea level in western islands and as high as 5,000 meters in Irian Jaya.  The highest point, 5,039 meters, is Puncak Jaya in Irian Jaya.  The region is tectonically unstable with some 400 volcanoes, of which 100 are active. 

Capital
Jakarta (est. 8.8 million).

Other Cities
Surabaya 3.0 million
Medan 2.5 million
Bandung 2.5 million plus an additional 3 million in the surrounding area.

Density per Square Mile:  306
Major islands more than 500 persons per square kilometer
Densely Populated Outer Islands100 persons or fewer per square kilometer 
Government Transmigration Program fosters relocation from densely populated to less-populated islands. 

Map

Sources:
Central Intelligence Agency